Power, Influence and Authority
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Influence – is where a person, group or organisation changes the attitudes, values, behaviour priorities and activities of others.
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Power – is the capability to exercise influence in these ways
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Authority – is the legitimisation of the capability to exercise influence and the relationship by which this is exercised. – Source: Pettinger (2002)
Responsibility and accountability normally come with authority – In the formation of the final report I had the responsibility to solely complete the primary research section. This provided me with authority, through a source of knowledge and expertise in a given area (primary research). Throughout this project there was a variety of sources of power and influence that affected the group dynamic, some of these are listed below, with the appropriate level of relevance to the group dynamic:
Physical power – Low, no group members were particularly large or intimidating.
Expert power – Medium – some team members had more experience of marketing through industry placements, and since the project demanded this knowledge, the member gained power and influence amongst the group.
Referent power – Low – based on the degree of attractiveness of the person, no team member had any more power based solely on attractiveness.
Charismatic power – High – charisma is the effect of one personality on others, the ability to exert influence based force of personality, real life examples include; Richard Branson (Virgin) and Anita Roddick (Bodyshop). In the group, this type of power explains the gradual transformation of the team structure over the six month period as team member’s attitudes, perceptions and working relationships changed as we got more familiar with individuals personalities.
Resource power – High – the ability to influence others based on the command of resources. Since some groups members had particular abilities in areas such as research, interviewing skills and client communication, sections were divided based on these abilities.
Reward power – Medium – All team members, some more than others were aware of the rewards of a high standard of work, since this module had such as large contribution to the final degree mark. However, there was a minor rift between the members aiming for a 1st class degree and those aiming for a 2.1, as the former would be motivated to complete work to the very best of their ability.
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